RRE 2001/06: [RRE]Machine Dreams In a paper presented to an
Air Force sponsored conference in 1960, Clynes and Kline assayed the
possibilities of laboratory animals which were augmented in various
ways in the interest of directly engaging in feedback stabilization
and control of their metabolic environment. The inquiry attracted
the attention of NASA, which was worried about the effects of long
term exposure to weightlessness and artificial environments in space.
NASA then commissioned a Cyborg Study, which produced a report in May
1963, surveying all manner of technologies to render astronauts more
resilient to the rigors of space exploration, such as cardiovascular
modules, hypothermia drugs, artificial organs, and the like.